中国学生早期英语过渡语中时体习得状况研究【2025|PDF|Epub|mobi|kindle电子书版本百度云盘下载】

中国学生早期英语过渡语中时体习得状况研究PDF格式电子书版下载

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CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION1

1.1 Significance of the Study of Temporality1

1.2 Significance of the Present Study3

1.3 Outline of the Book7

CHAPTER TWO THEORETICAL BACKGROUND9

2.1 Temporal Semantics and the Tense-aspect System9

2.1.1 Time Specification and Expressions of Temporal Relations10

2.1.2 The Tense-Aspect Morphology of Past in English18

2.2 Lexical Aspect:The Inherent Temporal Properties21

2.2.1 Lexical Aspect versus Grammatical Aspect22

2.2.2 Inherent Aspectual Classification of Verbs on Time Schemata23

2.2.3 Inherent Semantic Aspectual Properties of Verbs27

2.2.4 Distinctions of Lexical Aspects by Semantic Properties29

2.2.5 Diagnostic Tests of Lexical Aspectual Categories31

2.3 Chapter Summary40

CHAPTER THREE PREVIOUS STUDIES ON ACQUIS-ITION OF TEMPORALITY42

3.1 Studies on Acquisition Stages of Temporality43

3.1.1 Developmental Stages of Temporal System in L143

3.1.2 Developmental Stages of Temporal Acquisition in L245

3.2 Studies on Acquisition Order of Past Morphology:A Formal Perspective52

3.2.1 Acquisition of Irregular and Regular Past Morphology52

3.2.2 The Principle of Saliency55

3.3 Studies on Lexical Aspect:A Semantic Perspective59

3.3.1 The Defective Tense Hypothesis60

3.3.2 The Primacy of Aspect Hypothesis62

3.3.3 The Aspect Hypothesis63

3.3.4 Principles Underlying Tense-Aspect Acquisition67

3.4 Review of Research Methodologyin Temporal Studies73

3.4.1 Longitudinal versus Cross-sectional Studies73

3.4.2 Individual versus Group Data75

3.4.3 Data Elicitation Tasks76

3.5 Chapter Summary78

CHAPTER FOUR METHODOLOGY81

4.1 Research Hypotheses81

4.2 Participants84

4.3 Data Elicitation86

4.3.1 The Task86

4.3.2 Elicitation Procedure87

4.4 Data Coding87

4.4.1 Identification of Obligatory Simple Past Contexts88

4.4.2 Coding for Features of Phonetic Saliency90

4.4.3 Coding for Lexical Aspectual Categories92

4.4.4 Coding for Verb Type96

4.5 Data Analysis97

4.5.1 Selection of Data for Analysis98

4.5.2 Tests for Bias of the Selected Data104

4.5.3 Division of Participants for the Cross-sectional Study108

4.5.4 Data Processing110

4.6 Chapter Summary111

CHAPTER FIVE RESULTS AND FINDINGS112

5.1 Results from Analyses of Phonetic Saliency112

5.1.1 Results from the Overall Descriptive Study:Evidence for Hypothesis 1112

5.1.2 Results from the Cross-sectional Study Across the Five Proficiency Groups:Evidence for Hypothesis 2123

5.2 Results from Analyses of Lexical Aspect137

5.2.1 Results from the Overall Descriptive Study:Evidence for Hypothesis 3138

5.2.2 Results from the Cross-sectional Study:Evidence for Hypothesis 4142

5.3 Chapter Summary149

CHAPTER SIX DISCUSSION151

6.1 The Effect of Phonetic Saliency151

6.1.1 The Irregular versus Regular Constraint152

6.1.2 The Constraint of Saliency on Irregular Variants155

6.1.3 The Constraint of Saliency on Regular Variants157

6.2 The Effect of Lexical Aspect159

6.3 A General Discussion163

6.4 Chapter Summary165

CHAPTER SEVEN CONCLUSION166

7.1 Major Findings166

7.2 Pedagogical Implications169

7.3 Limitations and Suggestions for Future Studies171

BIBLIOGRAPHY174

APPENDIX Data Collection Task189

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS191

Table 2.1 Tense and Adverbial Relations12

Table 2.2 Possible Combinations of Tense and Aspect in English18

Table 2.3 The Relationship Between the Semantic Properties and the Aspectual Categories31

Table 3.1 The Spread of Past Morphology from 0-inflection to Target-like Acquisition65

Table 3.2 Distribution of Past and Present Inflections by Aspectual Class for Both L1 and L2 Learners Following the Aspect Hypothesis67

Table 4.1 The Saliency Hierarchy of Phonetic Features of the Simple Past Morphology92

Table 4.2 Inter-rater Reliability Test for Classification of Lexical Aspect96

Table 4.3 Distribution of Samples by Length of Composition Before Selection98

Table 4.4 Distribution of Accuracy Rates by Classification of Phonetic Saliency Before Selection101

Table 4.5 Distribution of Appropriacy Rates by Classification of Lexical Aspect Before Selection102

Table 4.6 The Use of Past Morphology by Male and Female Participants(by classification of phonetic saliency)104

Table 4.7 The Use of Past Morphology by Male and Female Participants(by classification of lexical aspect)105

Table 4.8 The Use of Past Morphology by Different Length of English Study(by classification of phonetic saliency)106

Table 4.9 The Use of Past Morphology by Different Length of English Study(by classification of lexical aspect)107

Table 4.10 Distribution of Participants by Rate of Past Tense Use Based on Classification of Phonetic Saliency108

Table 4.11 Distribution of Participants by Rate of Past Tense Use Based on Classification of Lexical Aspect109

Table 5.1 Distribution of Irregular and Regular Past Morphology(overall study;token analysis)113

Table 5.2 Distribution of Irregular and Regular Past Morphology(overall study;type analysis)114

Table 5.3 Distribution of the Simple Past Morphology of Irregular Variants(overall study;token analysis)115

Table 5.4 Distribution of the Simple Past Morphology of Irregular Variants(overall study;type analysis)116

Table 5.5 Distribution of the Simple Past Morphology of Regular Variants(overall study;token analysis)118

Table 5.6 Distribution of the Simple Past Morphology of Regular Variants(overall study;type analysis)119

Table 5.7 A Summary of the Simple Past Marking Across All Variants by Phonetic Saliency(overall study;token analysis)120

Table 5.8 A Summary of the Simple Past Marking Across All Variants by Phonetic Saliency(overall study;type analysis)121

Table 5.9 The Overall Developmental Tendency of the Simple Past Marking Across All Variants by Phonetic Saliency(overall study;token analysis)121

Table 5.10 The Overall Developmental Tendency of the Simple Past Marking Across All Variants by Phonetic Saliency(overall study;type analysis)122

Table 5.11 Results from the Cross-sectional Study of the Distribution of Irregular and Regular Past Morphology(token analysis)124

Table 5.12 Results from the Cross-sectional Study of the Distribution of Irregular and Regular Past Morphology(type analysis)125

Table 5.13 Results from the Cross-sectional Study of the Distribution of Irregular Variants of the Simple Past Morphology(token analysis)127

Table 5.14 Results from the Cross-sectional Study of the Distribution of Irregular Variants of the Simple Past Morphology(type analysis)130

Table 5.15 Results from the Cross-sectional Study of the Distribution of Regular Variants of the Simple Past Morphology(token analysis)133

Table 5.16 Results from the Cross-sectional Study of the Distribution of Regular Variants of the Simple Past Morphology(type analysis)135

Table 5.17 Distribution of the Simple Past Morphology by Lexical Aspect(overall study;token analysis)138

Table 5.18 Comparison of the Past Tense Use of Statives and BE(token analysis)139

Table 5.19 Distribution of the Simple Past Morphology by Lexical Aspect(BE excluded from Statives)(overall study;token analysis)140

Table 5.20 Distribution of the Simple Past Morphology by Lexical Aspect(overall study;type analysis)141

Table 5.21 A Comparison of the Past Tense Use of Statives and BE(type analysis)141

Table 5.22 Distribution of the Simple Past Morphology by Lexical Aspect(BE excluded from Statives)(overall study;type analysis)141

Table 5.23 Results from the Cross-sectional Study of the Distribution of the Simple Past Morphology by Lexical Aspect(token analysis)144

Table 5.24 Results from the Cross-sectional Study of the Distribution of the Simple Past Morphology by Lexical Aspect(type analysis)147

Figure 2.1 Classification of Aspectual Oppositions17

Figure 3.1 Relationship Between the Development of Cognition and Temporal Expression46

Figure 3.2 Extension from Prototype to Marginal Members for English Past Morphology71

Figure 3.3 Extension from Prototype to Marginal Members for English Progressive Morphology72

Figure 4.1 Distribution of Samples by Length of Composition Before Selection99

Figure 4.2 Distribution of Samples by Length of Composition After Selection100

Figure 4.3 Distribution of Accuracy Rates by Classification of Phonetic Saliency Before Selection100

Figure 4.4 Distribution of Accuracy Rates by Classification of Phonetic Saliency After Selection102

Figure 4.5 Distribution of Appropriacy Rates by Classification of Lexical Aspect Before Selection103

Figure 4.6 Distribution of Appropriacy Rates by Classification of Lexical Aspect After Selection103

Figure 5.1 A Summary of the Simple Past Marking Across All Variants by Phonetic Saliency(overall study;token and type analyses compared)121

Figure 5.2 The Developmental Tendency of the Simple Past Marking Across All Variants by Phonetic Saliency(overall study;token and type analysis compared)122

Figure 5.3 Distributional Pattern of Irregular Past Variants in Each Proficiency Group(cross-sectional study;token analysis)129

Figure 5.4 Developmental Trend of Each of the Irregular Past Variants Across Proficiency Groups(cross-sectional study;token analysis)129

Figure 5.5 Distributional Pattern of Irregular Past Variants in Each Proficiency Group(cross-sectional study;type analysis)131

Figure 5.6 Developmental Trend of Each of the Irregular Past Variants Across Proficiency Groups(cross-sectional study;type analysis)132

Figure 5.7 Distributional Pattern of Regular Past Variants in Each Proficiency Group(cross-sectional study;token analysis)134

Figure 5.8 Developmental Trend of Each of the Regular Past Variants Across Proficiency Groups(cross-sectional study;token analysis)134

Figure 5.9 Distributional Pattern of Regular Past Variants in Each Proficiency Group(cross-sectional study;type analysis)136

Figure 5.10 Developmental Trend of Each of the Regular Past Variants Across Proficiency Groups(cross-sectional study;type analysis)136

Figure 5.11 Distributional Pattern of the Simple Past Marking by Lexical Aspect in Each Proficiency Group(cross-sectional study;token analysis)145

Figure 5.12 Developmental Trend of Each of the Lexical Categories Across Proficiency Groups(cross-sectional study;token analysis)145

Figure 5.13 Distributional Pattern of the Simple Past Marking by Lexical Aspect in Each Proficiency Group(cross-sectional study;type analysis)148

Figure 5.14 Developmental Trend of Each of the Lexical Categories Across Proficiency Groups(cross-sectional study;type analysis)149